L1 與 L2 Cache : 目前電腦內部以距離 CPU 核心的層數來分, 有 L1、L2 兩種 Cache: L1 Cache 作為 CPU 內部指令集與資料的快取區 L2 Cache 則是 CPU 與記憶體之間的快取區
RAM, Random Access Memory
前端匯流排(FSB,Front Side Bus)是指中央處理器資料匯流排的專門術語,此匯流排負責中央處理器和北橋晶片間的資料傳遞。
Bridge = Hub MCH – Memory Controller Hub ICH – I/O Controller Hub DMI – Direct Media Interface
AGP (Accelerated Graphics Port) is a special I/O port which is designed exclusively for video cards.
DIME (DIrect Memory Execute). This allows the video card memory to be extended using standard RAM on the motherboard.
RAMDAC device is a chip on the video card which looks after the “translation” of digital data into analogue signals, when the card is connected to an analogue screen.
隨插即用(Plug and Play,簡稱PnP)是一種電腦硬體的一般術語,指在電腦上加上一個新的外部裝置時,能自動偵測與配置系統的資源,而不需要重新組態或手動安裝驅動程式。
Extended System Configuration Data (ESCD) This is a small data area which is stored in the motherboard’s a nonvolatile storage.
Interrupts
Software interrupts are used to call a large number of BIOS routines. Hardware interrupts are what we are now going to discuss, because these are what the I/O devices use.
DMA stands for Direct Memory Access
Memory-mapped I/O
通用序列匯流排(英語:Universal Serial Bus,縮寫USB)
USB版本
速率稱號
頻寬
速度
USB 3.0
超高速 SuperSpeed
5Gbps
約500MB/s (5000Mbit/s)
USB 2.0
高速 Hi-Speed
480Mbps
約60MB/s (60,000KB/s)
USB 1.1
全速 Full Speed
12Mbps
約1.5MB/s (1,500KB/s)
USB 1.0
低速 Low Speed
1.5Mbps
187.5KB/s (192000B/s)
獨立磁碟冗餘陣列(RAID, Redundant Array of Independent Disks)
Serial ATA(SATA, Serial Advanced Technology Attachment),亦稱序列ATA,是串列SCSI(SAS:Serial Attached SCSI)的孿生兄弟,兩者的排線相容,SATA硬碟可接上SAS介面。它是一種電腦匯流排,主要功能是用作主機板和大量儲存裝置(如硬碟及光碟機)之間的數據傳輸之用。